"Our sense of wonder grows exponentially; the greater the knowledge, the deeper the mystery."


-- E.O. Wilson

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Web scienceontap.blogspot.com
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Tuesday, July 14, 2009

Martin Gardner



Author blurb today: Martin Gardner....

In the view of many, Martin Gardner is easily one of the greatest science/philosophy essayists of all time, and still with us occasionally writing in his nineties. He has been called "a national treasure." Some readers know him only from his recreational math writings, which while outstanding, represent only a portion of his incredible, insightful production. Gardner's breadth and depth of knowledge is phenomenal, and his ability to cut through verbiage to focus on essential points and ideas unsurpassed (and all the more remarkable given that he attained a bachelor's degree in philosophy, but never an advanced degree in math or any science). His wit and sense of humor are treats as well.

Two of my very favorite works of his (straight-out "A's") come from the late '90s:

"The Night Is Large" --- a compilation of (philosophical, skeptical, and science) essays he wrote on all manner of topics from 1938 to 1995, that still stand up well today. A GREAT introduction to Gardner if you've not read him before. A great re-read if you are familiar with Gardner.

and,

"The Whys of a Philosophical Scrivener" --- possibly the most under-appreciated, even little-known, and yet among the best (though most poorly-titled), works he ever produced, laying out his own philosophical underpinnings (the postscript and notes are almost as interesting as the text, which is admittedly dry in parts). He surprised many here by revealing himself as a "fideist" --- a theist who believes in God while admitting there is no basis in reason or logic for doing so; the only basis stirs from other non-rational parts of the human psyche.
Gardner is also a self-proclaimed adherent of the "New Mysterianism," asserting that an understanding of "consciousness" is likely forever beyond the human brain (versus the more reductionist view that consciousness can ultimately be explained by the actions of firing neurons). I concur with this basic notion that the brain cannot understand itself ("if the brain was so simple that we could understand it, than we would be so simple that we couldn't," as one aphorism puts it). Although many of Gardner's critical views are well-known, others of his views are unpredictable and surprising.

I sometimes find Gardner's stated criticisms in certain areas to be overwrought (much of his criticism of the "General Semantics" movement for example, I think is off-base), yet there is no writer that I might disagree with who I'd more anxiously read and respect than Martin Gardner. Any volume of his essays is a rich and thought-provoking delight. In my view, forget Shakespeare, Gardner ought be required reading for every high-schooler in America!

Wikipedia entry HERE.
Older online interview HERE.

Addendum: HERE, I've reviewed his book "The Jinn From Hyperspace."


Monday, July 13, 2009

Blind Spot Demonstration


Psychologist Richard Wiseman's latest 'quirky' offering, demonstrating our visual 'blind spot' here:


Friday, July 10, 2009

Monkey Business


Monkeys just wanna have fun in this week's Friday video:





Thursday, July 9, 2009

The Smell of Fear


Research reported HERE indicating that the so-called "smell" of fear is more than a metaphor, and indeed has a reality in our brain structure/functioning. This has long seemed to be the case for both wild and domestic animals, but we still have much to learn about the full capabilities and effects of the human olfactory system.

Wednesday, July 8, 2009

"The Drunkard's Walk"


Randomness in our lives...


I generally like Leonard Mlodinow's writing (previous volumes include "Feynman's Rainbow" and "Euclid's Window"), and his 2008 offering, "The Drunkard's Walk: How Randomness Rules Our Lives," is no exception. I read it over a year ago, but it is newly out in paperback and making the bookstore rounds again, so worth a mention.

Several books in recent years, like this one, have made the point that despite our intuitive notions of order and scientific predictability in our lives, randomness actually plays a far more significant role. Mlodinow, a former Cal Tech physicist/mathematician is skilled at explaining probability and statistics to a lay audience in an engaging, even humorous manner. The author shows how our basic instinct to perceive patterns and order in the world around us often leads us astray, while a more clear understanding of statistics will often account for seeming anomalies. He covers most of the popular and entertaining topics in this arena, as well as some less-widely covered ones, with clear explanations that can be readily followed by even the non-mathematically-inclined. Again, I won't do a full review here, but pass along an "A-" rating, and refer readers to these other reviews on the Web:

NY Times review
The Guardian review



Tuesday, July 7, 2009

'Art and Politics of Science'


Just a blurb today on the recent memoir "The Art and Politics of Science" by Harold Varmus, English major turned cancer research scientist and Nobel laureate, eventual head of NIH, and now President of Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, as well as a science adviser to President Obama. I give this volume a "B" though those particularly interested in the 'process' of medical science in this country may readily find it to be an "A" read. I might have preferred a tad more science and a tad less of the art and politics, but that would defeat the very purpose Varmus had in mind. Even with that said, plenty of interesting passages here about the evolution of cancer/oncology research in this country, and the interaction (trials and travails?) of medicine and government/bureaucracy.
For those not involved in science, who may imagine science as a smooth, meticulous, step-by-step advancing process, this volume will help rectify that false image. Science is, and always has been, a bumpy, non-pristine road, 4 steps forward, 3 steps back, with large elements of art and politics intervening, for good or ill.
For those concerned with science communication, the last chapter, in which Varmus details his advocacy of "open access publishing" and his role in the founding of the Public Library of Science (PLoS), will also be of great interest.

Fuller reviews from The Washington Post HERE and from the NY Times HERE.

Monday, July 6, 2009

Fireflies On The Make


Birds do it, bees do it, and indeed, libidinous fireflies do it, brilliantly...
Carl Zimmer reports HERE on "seduction and deceit" in the mating strategies of one of our most common summer backyard visitors.


Friday, July 3, 2009

The Cosmos


For this week's Friday video two physicists discuss cosmology on "Bloggingheads.TV":



Thursday, July 2, 2009

Of Melodies and Minds


More thoughts from a neuroscientist on the linkage between music and the brain HERE.



Wednesday, July 1, 2009

The (Research) Field of Dreams


"Scientific American" piece HERE on possible explanations, from an evolutionary standpoint, for the absurdity of the content of dreams.


Tuesday, June 30, 2009

"Death From the Skies"



A Bad Astronomer (...and Punster)


Phil Plait is an astronomer and writer who runs one of the most popular (and award-winning) science blogs on the Web, "Bad Astronomy." When I stumbled across his book "Death From the Skies!" in my local library I was so put off by the National Enquirer-like title and cover (...I can only imagine that the publisher was trying to appeal to a teenage audience???), I almost ignored it, but luckily did relent and check the volume out.
The writing is interesting, lively and fluid, even playful (especially for a book basically informing us that we're all eventually doomed!), touching upon much science, but at a level that the astronomy amateur or even lay reader can readily follow. To a total novice, unfamiliar with modern day physics the topics and content may seem almost unreal, and thus some background in the physical sciences is helpful.
For wordsmiths the writing is peppered with puns and word-plays (who knew physics could be so funny), almost to the point of sometimes taking away from the seriousness of what is being discussed. Lots of facts and figures here as well, and lots of science, but amidst much cleverness and wit. Plait's passion for his subject rings through on every page.
Each chapter is well-written with somewhat stand-alone material (that need not be read in sequential order), covering a variety of basic cosmological subjects: the sun (and its death)/stars/galaxies, asteroids, supernovae, black holes, gamma rays, the possibility of alien life; all with an aim of showing how these might be agents for our world's demise in the distant future.

I likely enjoyed chapter 4 on gamma rays the most, if only because much of the content was new to me (chapter 9, "The End of Everything" is a particularly fun read as well). Chapter 6 on alien existence was possibly the weakest in my view. I'd fall in the camp that thinks probabilistically there are 1000s (maybe millions) of planets with advanced life (that may differ tremendously from us), but Plait seems to downgrade that possibility with what I think are weakly parochial or myopic arguments, while granting too much seriousness to what many perceive as an infinitesimal possibility that we Earthlings might be alone in the Universe. But we won't settle that debate here.
The very last chapter (epilogue) reviews the probabilities that any of the scenarios outlined will actually bring about the world's end, with an asteroid at 1 in 700,000 being the best bet... if that helps you to sleep better at night.


Richard Feynman was fond of saying that he wasn't absolutely certain of anything, but he just held beliefs based on the preponderance of the evidence. My one concern with Plait (and many scientists for that matter) is that he actually believes that much of what he states (the underlying science) is certain (because it currently seems so) when in fact, especially in the sort of time-frames he is discussing, our understanding/beliefs of physical law, the Universe, and life could change in unforeseeable ways, no matter how 'certain' they may seem at this moment. All black-and-white "facts" are actually strongly-held and supported 'beliefs,' still subject to possible, even if unlikely, change --- what we currently view as 'modern' science, will, 1000 years from now, no doubt appear very primitive and naive. Some folks worship God, and some worship empiricism, but both do so at the risk of putting blinders on to the extent that they accept/assume any human logic as 'certain.' But so much for philosophical quibbles...

If you already like Plait's blog you will almost certainly enjoy this book where he has the freedom to write more extensively on his subjects. If you're unfamiliar with him but interested in astronomical matters this book is a fine place to start. But a warning: for those of you with a long-term, 6 billion-year-or-so horizon, this could be a verrrrry gloomy, depressing, scary read given what it foretells... but as long as you're more short-term in your outlook (say the next 10,000-or-so years), feel free to give it a whirl! For the price of admission you'll get both some laughs and some chills, along with a healthy dose of science. (I just hope that for his next publishing effort Plait selects a more adult title and cover! ;-)

B+

-------------------------------

Monday, June 29, 2009

Mind Wars


Hour-long interview HERE at another blog with Jonathan Moreno author of "Mind Wars."

Friday, June 26, 2009

Believe It Or Not...


For the Friday video, an incredible stunt (maybe a tad much for the squeamish) given a possible interesting explanation here:





Thursday, June 25, 2009

Kidney Disease Testing Made Easy...


Possible breathalyzer test for early diagnosing of kidney disease, based on components of exhaled breath, reported on here:

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/06/090615100053.htm

Wednesday, June 24, 2009

Speech Processing


A current take from neuroscientists HERE on how the human brain processes language; recognizing, segmenting, and applying semantics to speech sounds.

Tuesday, June 23, 2009

Science Misapplied


an essay worth reading HERE on science, quantum mechanics, and religion...


Monday, June 22, 2009

Echidna


Natalie Angier elucidates the enigmatic echidna (a mysterious monotreme related to the duck-billed platypus) here:

http://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/09/science/09angi.html


And a special bonus video today for sheer entertainment....
Not exactly science, but too good (and uplifting) not to pass along --- I'm a sucker for acoustic guitar playing, but had never seen or heard of Tony Melendez, armless since birth; was blown away when I stumbled upon this video:





Friday, June 19, 2009

Schrodinger's Cat


For the Friday video, a real physicist and a real dog explain the anomaly of 'Schrodinger's cat' in less than 4 minutes! :


Thursday, June 18, 2009

Mathematics In 10 Lessons


"
Mathematics In 10 Lessons: The Grand Tour" by Jerry King

Just a brief review since I can't recommend this offering to a general readership, and only give it an overall "
C" rating. Browsing the volume in a bookstore it looked intriguing to me, as it touched upon many math topics of interest to me: infinity, number theory, probability, calculus, paradox, imaginary numbers, and "truth and beauty."

The book claims that it does not require much math background to be enjoyed, and several mathematicians endorse the book heartily on the back cover (although I noticed none of them are major math popularizers who's names would be readily recognized). However, I think a math novice or lay reader might have some difficulty with the material, while those more well-read in math may find the material dull or boring --- the writing is likely too dry and pedantic for a lay reader and too basic or simplistic for those more sophisticated in math. Some math fans may find the content elucidative, but I suspect they may be a small subset of all readers. Much of the material is on math underpinnings and/or proofs that may appear intuitively obvious --- and while there is some benefit in this explication, it can also be somewhat tedious. Generally speaking, the most interesting aspects of math are probably those that are counter-intuitive, and thusly in need of step-by-step rendering. I think the author here has made a very sincere attempt to bring many fundamentals of math to a general audience, but this is actually one of the most difficult tasks in all of science-writing, and so most attempts, as in this case, fall short.

A book that covers at least some of the same type material, which I found much more engaging and do strongly recommend is William Byers' 2007 volume "How Mathematicians Think."

Wednesday, June 17, 2009

Nature Poetry


A nature digression today... haven't seen this volume myself, but looked interesting on Amazon, for those with a yen for nature poems:

"Can Poetry Save the Earth?: A Field Guide to Nature Poems" by John Felstiner (Stanford professor)

Tuesday, June 16, 2009

Form Follows Function...?


Possibly more than you wanted to know... or consider :

This piece from "Scientific American," reports certain evolutionary biology hypotheses and testing to account for the particular shape of the human penis (which differs significantly from our primate relatives)... a fair amount of conjecture, with a smattering of experimentation :

http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=secrets-of-the-phallus

A tad reminiscent of Robin Baker's book, "Sperm Wars."

There has been a small spate of popular books out recently on the never-ending favorite topic of human sexual behavior, including:

"Bonk" by Mary Roach, and "How Sex Works" by Sharon Moalem

Monday, June 15, 2009

Words, Words, Words... and the NY Times


For all word lovers out there:

Not the usual "science" I pass along here, but as a word-lover have to link to this interesting survey of words that the astute readers of the NY Times most frequently feel the need to look up --- how many of these would perplex you if stumbled upon in print? A few of the 50 top stumpers: "louche," "sumptuary," "schadenfreude," "hagiographic," "dauphin," "comity," "bildungsroman," "fealty." And the word with the highest rate of looking up per use: "saturnine" ("solipsistic" a close 2nd).



Friday, June 12, 2009

Ticklish Rats... You Betcha


For the Friday video, giggling rats here:


Thursday, June 11, 2009

Animal Feelings


NY Times piece on scientific evidence for animals feeling 'regret' (...not that any pet owners required scientific evidence) :

http://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/02/science/02tier.html?_r=1&partner=rss&emc=rss

Wednesday, June 10, 2009

Bird Evolution


The popular, common view that everyone hears is that birds evolved from dinosaurs; yes, those are miniature-seed-eating-feathered-brontosauruses at your backyard feeder... but NOT so fast. Another minority view that has actually been around a long time, but had difficulty gaining traction is that birds have little to do with dinosaurs, evolving instead from earlier small tree-dwelling creatures; they evolved from the trees down, not from the ground up, so-to-speak.
"Tetrapod Zoology" blog recently covered some of the arguments HERE.
And more HERE, from ScienceDaily.

Tuesday, June 9, 2009

Black Hole Photography


Getting a picture of a black hole at the center of the Milky Way Galaxy... New Scientist article HERE.

Monday, June 8, 2009

There Be Fungus Among Us


Courtesy of Natalie Angier (and NY Times), a focus on lowly fungi:

http://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/26/science/26angi.html

Friday, June 5, 2009

The Intelligence of Crows





Thursday, June 4, 2009

Penguin Poo


And now from the scatological sciences....

Scientists are tracking penguin poop (guano, droppings... birdSH*T) from space, via satellite imaging, in order to tally colonies of Emperor Penguins in Antarctica:

http://www.scientificblogging.com/news_articles/penguins_space_guano_story

Wednesday, June 3, 2009

Thomas Berry Dies


Earth-theologian Thomas Berry dies at 94:

http://www.commondreams.org/headline/2009/06/02-5

http://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/04/us/04berry.html?_r=1&partner=rss&emc=rss

(Wikipedia entry for Berry HERE.)

Tuesday, June 2, 2009

Richard Wiseman Redux


'Quirky' British research psychologist Richard Wiseman has begun a mass experiment on Twitter to test for the psychic ability known as "remote viewing." To read about it or take part in his study start here:

http://richardwiseman.wordpress.com/2009/06/01/twitter-experiment-starts-today/

BTW, one of my favorite YouTube quickie tricks is from Wiseman HERE.

Earlier on in this blog I recommended his fun book, "Quirkology" to readers.

Monday, June 1, 2009

A Two-fer


Good blogger summary HERE of Michael Pollan's thoughts from his wonderful book "In Defense of Food."

And HERE the same writer covers a talk by popular physicist Brian Greene on his favorite topic, string theory.